Military Rocketry & Propultion Motion.

Since the end of XVII Century, rockets were used as weapons in Western Europe. William Congreve was an important figure in the devlopment of military rocketry. In Russia, Congreve's rockets were modernized by Konstantin I. Konstantinov and Aleksandr D. Zasyadko. Karl A. Shilder was another Russian military rocket engineer. Tretesky and Sokovnin designed a reactive engine for dirigables in the XIX cent. Nikolay I. Kibalchich designed the first propulsion air craft in 1881.

- William Congreve (1772-1828). The UK military engineer. Designed the system of the rocket weapon. In XIX cent. "Congreve Rockets" were widely used by Europien armies.

- Aleksandr D. Zasyadko (1779-1837). Russian military engineer. He designed several types of military rockets, which were used during the war in the Caucasus in 1825.

- Karl A. Shilder (1785-1854). Russian navy engineer. Designed, built and tested in 1834 the first submarine with 6 rockets.

- Konstantin I. Konstantinov (1818-1871). Russian military scientist. He worked for armament of the Russian troops using the best rockets. he founded the rocket military industry in Russia, and designed new systems of rockets. Shown here with a copy of his book "About the Army Rockets".
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Iustin I. Tretesky (1821-1895). In his work "About the Ways of Air-Balloon Guidance" (1849), he described the possibility of using reactive engines for air-balloons motion. Shown with a drawing of his solid powder rocket engine.

- Nikolai M. Sokovnin (1811-189). In his work "The Air Craft" (1861) he wrote about his design of a jet guided air-balloon.

- Nikolai I. Kibalchich (1853-1881). In 1881 this young scientist designed a rocket aircraft with a solid engine.